Guinea pigs

 

Guinea pigs

The scientific name of the guinea pig is Cavia porcellus. It is a rodent closely related to porcupines and most widely used in laboratories after mice for experiments and research purposes. Most people rear the Guinea pig as pets.

Restraining

They can be restrained either by putting a towel on them or by grasping with bare hands.

Handling

·                     They can be handled easily by grasping the trunk with one hand and supporting the rear quarters with the other hand.

·                     Support is important to support the back to prevent any injury or dislocation especially in adult and pregnant animals.

 

Housing

·                     They are housed usually in open box-style cages made of plastic or metal with sides at least 10 inches high. It is because they are not inclined to climb.

·                      The floor can be grid or mesh but for breeding animals, solid floors with bedding materials are preferred.

Feeding/nutrition

·                     Water should be available either through an automatic water system or manual water bottles.

·                     Guinea pig food is provided ad libitum.

·                     They require vitamin C supplements.

·                     Food is commercially prepared to have vitamin C supplements.

·                     Fruits and vegetables can also be fed to them especially to the pet         Guinea pigs.

·                     Food should be offered on the floor in some pot.

Breeding

·                     A guinea pig is more developed at birth than any other laboratory animal.

·                     Breeding guinea pigs should be kept on solid floors rather than grid floor cages.

·                     As they reach sexual maturity, the breeding should be commenced because at that time breeding efficiency is maximum.

·                     The Gestation period is ranging from 63-68 days and lifespan of the Guinea pig ranges from 4-8 years.

Environmental management

·                     A temperature range of 16-23 centigrade should be maintained in the room of a guinea pig.

·                     Humidity should be in a range of 40-60%.

·                     The light should be provided at least a full day, usually,12 hours light and 12 hours darkness are provided to their house.

·                     Cleaning the house 2-3 times a week is recommended.

Treatment of diseases

Some common infections of skinny guinea pigs include:

·                     Salmonellosis

·                     Streptococcus infection

·                     Staphylococcus infection

·                     Pseudotuberculosis infection

·                     Adenovirus

·                     Pinworms

Treatment is done according to the diagnosis of disease and causative agents.